Texas Mountain Laurel (Sophora secundiflora)
Texas Mountain Laurel (Sophora secundiflora)
Location on Farm:
🌱 Planting Installation
Texas Mountain Laurel, also known as Mescal Bean, is a slow-growing, multi-stemmed evergreen small tree or large shrub native to Central and West Texas, New Mexico, and Northern Mexico. Celebrated for its dense, glossy dark green foliage and dramatic early-spring floral display, this tough native features pinnately compound leaves with thick, leathery oval leaflets that remain lush and vibrant year-round. In early spring, the tree produces heavy, drooping, wisteria-like clusters of vivid violet-blue to purple flowers famous for their intense, intoxicating aroma that closely resembles artificial grape soda or Grape Kool-Aid. As the blossoms fade, they are replaced by hard, woody, silvery-gray seed pods containing bright orange-to-scarlet red beans, while its smooth young branches mature into dark gray-black bark with shallow fissures.
| Scientific Name | Sophora secundiflora (syn. Dermatophyllum secundiflorum / Mescal Bean) |
| Foliage: Evergreen |
Multi-stemmed evergreen small tree or large shrub with an upright, compact, rounded canopy habit. Leaves: Alternate, pinnately compound (4–6 in long) with 7–11 glossy, thick, leathery oval leaflets; deep lustrous dark green above with smooth margins. Flowers: Dense, 3–5 inch drooping, wisteria-like clusters (racemes) of vivid violet-blue to purple blossoms; famous for their intense, sweet fragrance reminiscent of grape soda or Grape Kool-Aid. Fruit: Heavy, woody, silvery-gray pubescent seed pods (2–5 in long) with constricted, bead-like segments. Seeds: 1–8 extremely hard, bright orange-to-scarlet red beans (Highly toxic to humans and livestock if chewed/ingested due to the alkaloid cytisine). Bark: Smooth and gray-brown on young branches; darkens to gray-black with shallow fissures and tight ridges on mature trunks. |
| Life Span: Perennial | 50–100+ years |
| Mature Height | 15–25 ft (Occasionally up to 30 ft in optimal conditions) |
| Mature Width (Spread) | 10–15 ft |
| Growth Rate | Very Slow (2–6 inches per year) |
| USDA Zone / Chill Hours | Zones 7b–10b (Cold-hardy down to 10°F to 15°F); No specific chill hours required (though winter cold snaps enhance uniform spring flowering) |