Agave Americana is a large, symmetrical rosette-forming succulent with thick, fleshy leaves that radiate from a central point. The leaves are typically bluish-green to gray-green in color and are armed with sharp, spiny margins and a terminal spine at the tip, which can be dangerous if not handled carefully. Agave Americana makes a bold statement in the landscape and is often used as a focal point or specimen plant in drought-tolerant gardens, rock gardens, succulent gardens, and desert landscapes. It pairs well with other succulents, cacti, and drought-tolerant plants and adds architectural interest to gardens with its dramatic silhouette and distinctive foliage. Agave Americana can also be used in containers on patios, decks, or balconies, where its sculptural form can be appreciated up close. However, due to its large size and sharp spines, it's essential to plant Agave Americana away from pedestrian areas and high-traffic zones where it may pose a hazard.
Scientific Name
Agave americana
Foliage: Evergreen
Massive, strap-like leaves are typically blue-gray or gray-green. They are thick, rigid, and arranged in a striking circular rosette.
The "Century Bloom": When it finally reaches maturity, it sends up a massive stalk that resembles a giant asparagus or telephone pole, topped with yellow flowers. Agave americana is monocarpic, meaning the main plant will die after it finishes blooming. However, it usually leaves behind several "pups" (offsets) at the base to take its place.
Mature Height
3-6 feet (flower stalk can reach 15-30 feet)
Mature Width (Spread)
6-10 feet
Growth Rate
Slow to Moderate
USDA Zone
8-11 (Cold hardy to approx. 15 F to 20 F) Agave Americana is sensitive to frost and freezing temperatures, so it's best grown in regions with mild winters or protected micro-climates. In cooler climates, it can be grown in containers and brought indoors during the winter months.
Plant Care & Characteristics
Light Requirements: Full Sun. It thrives in at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight. While it can tolerate very light shade, too much shade will cause the replant to lose its tight rosette shape.
Water Requirements: Low. This is a "set it and forget it" plant. Water newly planted Agave Americana sparingly until they establish a robust root system, then reduce watering to occasional deep soakings during periods of drought. Water it once every 2-3 weeks during the hottest parts of the summer. It is highly susceptible to root rot if it is left in standing water or over-watered.
Drought Resistance: Exceptional. It is one of the most drought-tolerant plants available. It stores water in its thick, fleshy leaves and can survive months without rain.
Soil Type:Well Drained. It's tolerant of poor, rocky, or sandy soils and can adapt to a wide range of pH levels, including slightly acidic to alkaline soils. If planting in heavy clay, you must amend the soil significantly with grit or plant it on a mound to ensure water drains away from the base.
Deer Resistance: High. Between the tough, fibrous leaves and the formidable 2-inch terminal spines (plus serrated edges), deer almost never bother this plant.
Remove dead or damaged leaves as needed and use caution when handling the sharp spines along the leaf margins. Protective gloves and clothing are recommended to avoid injury. Because Agave americana gets so large, it can be a "space hog" in smaller gardens.
