Description: American Holly is an evergreen tree or shrub known for its glossy, dark green leaves with serrated edges that resemble oak leaves. The tree typically grows to a height of 15 to 30 feet (4.5 to 9 meters), although some specimens can reach up to 50 feet (15 meters) tall. It has a dense, pyramidal to rounded crown with a spread of 10 to 20 feet (3 to 6 meters). Female trees produce bright red berries in the fall, which persist through the winter and provide food for birds and wildlife.

Best Growing Zones: American Holly is native to the eastern United States and is well-suited to USDA hardiness zones 5 to 9. It thrives in regions with mild to moderate winters and prefers a temperate climate. While it can tolerate a range of growing conditions, including full sun to partial shade, it prefers moist, well-drained soil with good organic content. It can also tolerate occasional flooding and drought once established.

Soil Requirements: American Holly prefers acidic to slightly acidic soil with a pH range of 5.0 to 6.5. It grows best in loamy or sandy loam soil that is well-drained but retains some moisture. Adding organic matter such as compost or peat moss to the soil can improve its fertility, structure, and moisture retention. Mulching around the base of the tree helps conserve soil moisture and suppress weed growth.

Maintenance: American Holly is relatively low-maintenance once established. It requires regular watering, especially during dry periods, to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Pruning is typically done in late winter or early spring to remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches and to maintain the desired shape and size of the tree. Fertilizing with a balanced fertilizer formulated for acid-loving plants in early spring can promote healthy growth and foliage.